What psychological principle is Skinner known for?

What psychological principle is Skinner known for?

• A. Classical conditioning
• B. Operant conditioning
• C. Social learning theory
• D. Cognitive development

Answer: (B)

B.F. Skinner is primarily known for his work in operant conditioning, a critical concept in behavioral psychology. This principle involves learning through the consequences of behavior. Skinner proposed that behaviors can be reinforced or punished, which increases or decreases the likelihood of those behaviors being repeated. He conducted experiments using tools such as the Skinner Box, where he observed how animals would learn to press levers to receive food rewards or avoid electric shocks, demonstrating the impact of reinforcement on behavior. Operant conditioning differs significantly from classical conditioning, which focuses on associating an involuntary response with a stimulus. While Skinner did not develop classical conditioning—this was primarily the work of Ivan Pavlov—his emphasis was on the role of rewards and consequences in shaping behavior. Additionally, social learning theory, developed by Albert Bandura, highlights the importance of observing and imitating others, which is another area separate from Skinner's focus. Lastly, cognitive development is best associated with the work of Jean Piaget, who studied how thinking and reasoning abilities develop in children. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why operant conditioning is truly Skinner's hallmark contribution to psychology.

B.F. Skinner is primarily known for his work in operant conditioning, a critical concept in behavioral psychology. This principle involves learning through the consequences of behavior. Skinner proposed that behaviors can be reinforced or punished, which increases or decreases the likelihood of those behaviors being repeated. He conducted experiments using tools such as the Skinner Box, where he observed how animals would learn to press levers to receive food rewards or avoid electric shocks, demonstrating the impact of reinforcement on behavior.

Operant conditioning differs significantly from classical conditioning, which focuses on associating an involuntary response with a stimulus. While Skinner did not develop classical conditioning—this was primarily the work of Ivan Pavlov—his emphasis was on the role of rewards and consequences in shaping behavior. Additionally, social learning theory, developed by Albert Bandura, highlights the importance of observing and imitating others, which is another area separate from Skinner's focus. Lastly, cognitive development is best associated with the work of Jean Piaget, who studied how thinking and reasoning abilities develop in children. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why operant conditioning is truly Skinner's hallmark contribution to psychology.