Which statement best describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Which statement best describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

• A. An emotional disturbance that affects learning
• B. An anxiety disorder with repetitive negative thoughts only
• C. A disorder involving recurrent obsessions or compulsions
• D. A behavioral disorder requiring medication only

Answer: (C)

The statement that describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as a disorder involving recurrent obsessions or compulsions is accurate because it encapsulates the defining characteristics of OCD. Individuals with this disorder experience persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that often lead to ritualistic behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) performed in an attempt to relieve the anxiety caused by these obsessions. This understanding is fundamental in recognizing the nature of OCD, as both components—obsessions and compulsions—are vital in differentiating it from other anxiety disorders. The presence of both elements directly informs treatment approaches and supports the identification of OCD in clinical settings. The other choices do not comprehensively capture the essential features of OCD. For instance, while emotional disturbances and anxiety are associated with various disorders, they do not specifically define OCD, nor do they mention the critical aspects of compulsions. Additionally, the idea that OCD consists only of negative thoughts is misleading, as the compulsive behaviors are equally central to the diagnosis. Lastly, while medication may be a component of effective treatment, characterizing OCD solely as a behavioral disorder requiring medication overlooks the complexity of the disorder and the role that psychotherapy can play in managing it.

The statement that describes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as a disorder involving recurrent obsessions or compulsions is accurate because it encapsulates the defining characteristics of OCD. Individuals with this disorder experience persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that often lead to ritualistic behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) performed in an attempt to relieve the anxiety caused by these obsessions.

This understanding is fundamental in recognizing the nature of OCD, as both components—obsessions and compulsions—are vital in differentiating it from other anxiety disorders. The presence of both elements directly informs treatment approaches and supports the identification of OCD in clinical settings.

The other choices do not comprehensively capture the essential features of OCD. For instance, while emotional disturbances and anxiety are associated with various disorders, they do not specifically define OCD, nor do they mention the critical aspects of compulsions. Additionally, the idea that OCD consists only of negative thoughts is misleading, as the compulsive behaviors are equally central to the diagnosis. Lastly, while medication may be a component of effective treatment, characterizing OCD solely as a behavioral disorder requiring medication overlooks the complexity of the disorder and the role that psychotherapy can play in managing it.